Genesis1:21

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Translation

And

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ELOHIM created the great sea creatures, and every living thing that moves, with which the waters teem, according to its kind, and every flying creature

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that uses wings to fly

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according to its kind.

Paraphrase

Thus THE CREATOR AND OWNER OF ALL THINGS created the great sea creatures, and every living thing that moves around in the water, making the waters come alive, according to its kind, and every bird according to its kind. THE CREATOR AND OWNER OF ALL

THINGS took a good look at what He had created, and He liked it.

Footnotes

1

The Hebrew conjunction used here (the vav consecutive) is not usually translated “thus” or “so,” but usually as “and” or “then.” However, the text has already told us that He commanded it to be done, and we already know the pattern, namely that His commands were immediately fulfilled. Therefore, the implied meaning is better communicated in English by a conjunction that fits this assumption, and that intent is shown in the paraphrase column.

2

The word basically means “flying creature” and in its ancient usages it could refer to either birds or insects. The key is that it can fly.

3

This word means “wings, or extremity” along with a few other related ideas. The intent is to point to creatures that flap their wings in order to fly. That would exclude the gliders such as a number of flying squirrels, snakes that can flatten their bodies and glide through the air, flying frogs, flying lizards, and others. It would likewise exclude flying fish since the range of flight for a flying fish is limited and requires a strong swimming start. Moas were the only bird that did not have any wings at all.